Inverge Journal of Social Sciences
type: channel
description: The Inverge Journal of Social Sciences (IJSS) is an online, open-access journal with double-blind peer review. Academic essays and research articles/papers are all published in the IJSS. Scholars of any age or from any profession are welcome to submit their scholarly research to the IJSS. In its publications, the IJSS covers all social science disciplines, including but not limited to the following fields: Development Studies Economics Entrepreneurship Education Gender Studies International Relations Management Sciences (Marketing, Finance, HRM, Project Management, Information Management, & others) Media Sciences Political Science Psychology Sustainable Development Goals Sociology IJSS is an online, open-access journal that offers publishing and research services to the academic and business sectors. Double-blind peer review is used to manage articles and papers by the IJSS. Frequency: Quarterly Dr. Muhammad Asif Editor-in-Chief Inverge Journal of Social Sciences (IJSS) ISSN (Online): 2959-4359, ISSN (Print): 3007-2018 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InvergeJSS/ Note: Authors are urged to use the IJSS online submission platform to submit their work electronically. Please adhere to the guidelines listed for each step of the online submission procedure. Before submitting, kindly adhere to the Author Guidelines as well.
publisher: Inverge Consultancy (pvt) Ltd
language: en-US
publication name: Inverge Journal of Social Sciences
issn: 3007-2018
copyright: The work is concurrently licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the authorship and the work's original publication in this journal, while the authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication.
items: Modal Verb Variation in Pakistani and American English: A Corpus-based Comparative Study
items: Automation, Transparency, and Efficiency in Library Management through Blockchain and IoT Technologies
items: Physician-Patient Interaction Quality as a Predictor of Patient Satisfaction: Examining the Unique Contributions of Communication and Empathy in Pakistani Healthcare
items: AI-Driven Media Evolution: Redefining Journalism and Communication in the Digital Age
items: A Comprehensive Review of High-Impact Educational Research (2021–2025): Trends, Insights, and Emerging Practices
items: Green Finance Intelligence and Sustainable Capital Allocation: Artificial Intelligence Driven ESG Signal Processing and Capital Market Efficiency
items: Public Trust in State Institutions: A Comparative Analysis of the Military, Judiciary, and Parliament in Post-2023 Election Pakistan
items: The Role of Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Psychological Well-being in Infant Neurodevelopment
items: The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Employees' Job Performance: Mediating Mechanism of Organizational Commitment, Attitude and Job Satisfaction
items: A Bibliometric Analysis of Organizational Ambidexterity: Trends, Themes, and Intellectual Structure
items: AI and IoT integration in Green HRM: A Framework for Eco-Friendly Talent Management and Optimization
items: Relationship Between Mindfulness, Emotional Wellbeing and Academic Performance Among University Students
items: Human Trafficking, Organized Crime, and the Evolution of International Criminal Justice Systems
items: From Web2 to Web3: Strategic Transformation of Digital Marketing Using Blockchain Technology
items: The Effects of Facebook Gaming on User Engagement, Attention, and Digital Communication Behaviour
items: Overdependence on AI Supported Learning and Critical Thinking: Investigating Opportunities and Risks in Modern Education at Higher Educational Level
items: AI-Driven Film Production: A Study of Innovation and Industry Transformation
items: Becoming a Ph.D. Scholar: A Study of Doctoral Students’ Experiences and Challenges
items: Environmental Wellbeing at Work: The Evolving Role of Human Resource Management in Sustainable Workspaces and Employee Mental Health
items: From Classroom to Startup: The Role of Personality Traits, Entrepreneurship Education, and Financial Access in Shaping Entrepreneurial Behaviour among Pakistani Youth
items: Hybrid Warfare, State Responsibility, and Interstate Conflict in South Asia: Evidence from India–Pakistan Relations
items: The Role of Sustainability Efforts in Enhancing Workforce Well-Being and Organizational Success
items: Impact of Innovation and Project Control on Sustainable Project Success: Examining the Mediating Role of Project Governance in Pakistan’s Software Development Sector
items: Green Supply Chain Management and Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation and Institutional Pressures
items: Bridging the Jurisdictional Gap: The Underutilization of the Federal Investigation Agency in Pakistan's Maritime Domain Under Joint Maritime Information Organisation Act, 2019
items: Innovating with AI: How Innovative Attitude, Peer Influence, and Task-Technology Fit Shape AI Appropriation in Project Management
items: The Digital Trap: How Short Political Videos on TikTok and Reels Lock Pakistani Youth into One-Sided Thinking
items: Psychological Distress and Suicidal Ideation among Emerging Adults of University of Gujrat
items: Underdiagnosed and Overlooked: A Community-Based Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence and Screening Outcomes Among 4–11-Year-Old Children in Gujrat, Pakistan
items: Green Finance as a Catalyst for Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Effects of Green Innovation and Green Capabilities and the Moderating role of stakeholder pressure

Modal Verb Variation in Pakistani and American English: A Corpus-based Comparative Study
type: item
description: This study explores the use of modal verbs in Pakistani and American English through a corpus-based analysis of data drawn from the Global Web-Based English (GloWbE) corpus. The study examines five modal verbs—must, should, may, might, and would—through a comparative analysis of their semantic, pragmatic, and collocational patterns in the two English varieties. Based on the frequency counts, concordance lines and collocational analysis, the study demonstrates that Pakistani English is more likely to be used in formal registers whereas American English is more conversational. There are also differences in collocational patterns that bear the cultural and practical impacts in both varieties. The findings provide an empirical evidence of regional variation in modal verb usage, contributing to the fields of World Englishes and Corpus Linguistics. Moreover, the study provides pedagogical implications in teaching English language based on the findings of the research, emphasizing the role of contextual and regional sensitivity in teaching and learning modal verbs. The study emphasizes the significance of corpus-based approaches in investigating authentic language use across different varieties of English. References Abdullayev, S. (2024). The pragmatic functions of modal verbs in discourse: A corpus-based study. Journal of New Century Innovations, 50(2), 148–150. Anwar, B. (2012). A sociolinguistic study of Urdu–English code-switching in Pakistan (Doctoral dissertation, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan). Anwar, B., & Maryam, S. (2017). The use of stative verbs as progressive in Pakistani English: A corpus-based study. Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 5(2), 121–134. Anwar, B., & Talaat, M. (2011). English in a non-native context: Distinctive features of Pakistani journalistic English. English Language and Literary Forum (ELF), 13(1), 25–42. Anwar, B., Ajmal, M., & Keezhatta, M. S. (2020b). Nativization of grammatical features in Pakistani English. Asian EFL Jou…
creator: Muhammad Dawood
creator: Behzad Anwar
creator: Maria Naureen
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Dawood, Behzad Anwar, Maria Naureen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-03
publication date: 2026-03-03
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.237

Automation, Transparency, and Efficiency in Library Management through Blockchain and IoT Technologies
type: item
description: The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature on the applications of Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) and to understand how libraries are engaging with this technology to enable users to feel more involved in the present and to share information about Library resources and services. Based on the existing literature, the fundamental models of Blockchain and its combination with IoT are extracted, documented, and illustrated, focusing on performance, implementation ability, and the layers discussed for both. The findings could also provide an empirical platform for comprehension of the technological and behavioural factors that drive adoption of blockchain and IoT to improve automation of services, transparency in records, and overall workplace efficiencies within libraries. The current study is a valuable addition to the body of library and information science literature in that it merges cutting-edge digital technologies with a widely accepted technology acceptance model, and its findings are of practical interest for librarians, system developers, and policy makers involved in smart library initiatives. The recent applications and current uses of blockchain and IoT in libraries are presented with the hope that they will help build up future work across various sectors. References Almarri, S., & Aljughaiman, A. (2024). Blockchain technology for IoT security and trust: A comprehensive systematic literature review. Sustainability, 16(23), 10177. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162310177 Al Sadawi, A., Hassan, M. S., & Ndiaye, M. (2021). A survey on the integration of blockchain with IoT to enhance performance and eliminate challenges. IEEE Access, 9, 54478–54497. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3070869 Asif, M., & Sandhu, M. S. (2023). Social media marketing revolution in Pakistan: A study of its adoption and impact on business performance. Journal of Business Insight and Innovation, 2(2), 67–77. Bansal, A., Arora, D., & Suri, A. (2018). Internet of …
creator: Muhammad Kabir Khan
creator: Farha Zafira Binti Agos Lokman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Kabir Khan, Farha Zafira Binti Agos Lokman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-04
publication date: 2026-03-04
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 12
ending page: 26
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.238

Physician-Patient Interaction Quality as a Predictor of Patient Satisfaction: Examining the Unique Contributions of Communication and Empathy in Pakistani Healthcare
type: item
description: To examine the associations among patients' perceptions of physician communication, physician empathy, and patient satisfaction in Pakistani hospital settings. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in public and private hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan, between December 2024 and February 2025. Using purposive convenience sampling, 280 adult patients from psychiatry (n = 92), dermatology (n = 102), and cardiology (n = 86) completed the Communication Assessment Tool (CAT), the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE), and a 10-item patient satisfaction scale. Pearson correlations assessed bivariate associations. Multiple linear regression tested whether communication and empathy jointly predicted patient satisfaction. One-way ANOVA examined differences in satisfaction across specialties, and independent samples t-tests compared satisfaction by gender and hospital type. Physician communication was strongly correlated with physician empathy (r = .91, p < .001) and patient satisfaction (r = .90, p < .001). Physician empathy was also strongly correlated with patient satisfaction (r = .92, p < .001). In regression analysis, the model was significant, F(2, 277) = 825.47, p < .001, explaining 85.6% of the variance in patient satisfaction (R² = .856; adj. R² = .855). Both physician communication (B = 0.34, SE = 0.04, β = .39, p < .001) and physician empathy (B = 1.06, SE = 0.10, β = .56, p < .001) independently predicted higher patient satisfaction. No significant differences in satisfaction were found across specialties (F(2, 277) = 1.24, p = .29) or by gender (t(278) = 0.87, p = .38). Patients' perceptions of physician communication and empathy are strongly associated with patient satisfaction, and both contribute uniquely to satisfaction ratings. Interventions that strengthen patient-centred communication and empathic engagement may improve patient experience in time-constrained healthcare settings. References Aman-U…
creator: Maham Arshad
creator: Saira Khan
creator: Suleman Ahmad
creator: Amina Afzal
creator: Muhammad Shoaib
creator: Zohaib Hassan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Maham Arshad, Saira Khan, Suleman Ahmad, Amina Afzal, Muhammad Shoaib, Zohaib Hassan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-06
publication date: 2026-03-06
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 27
ending page: 41
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.239

AI-Driven Media Evolution: Redefining Journalism and Communication in the Digital Age
type: item
description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has changed the world of journalism and digital communication at an extremely fast pace. To improve the efficiency of newsrooms, audience engagement, and data-driven production of content, media organizations are increasingly employing AI-driven technologies. Nevertheless, the topic of AI integration into journalism also provokes ethical issues associated with misinformation, algorithmic bias, and professionalism. This research intends to investigate the degree of awareness and application of Artificial Intelligence in media organizations, assess its influence on journalism activities and the quality of communication, address ethical issues related to the implementation of AI, and discuss the perspectives of AI-based technologies in journalism and communication. A survey design was adopted to conduct a quantitative study on a structured questionnaire, which relies on a five-point Likert scale. The survey was conducted among 267 respondents comprising of journalists, media practitioners, academicians and students who participated in media and communication industries. The descriptive statistical methods such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that there is a high awareness and positive attitudes towards AI in journalism. The respondents also found that AI enhances the efficiency of the newsroom and helps with data analysis (M = 4.31) and helps a journalist find trending topics in a short period (M = 4.27). The AI was also seen to improve the speed of news delivery (M = 4.33) and increase the level of engagement with the audience in the digital media setting. Nevertheless, the respondents raised concerns about possible risks that include misinformation (M = 4.30), algorithm bias, and lack of human creativity. Moreover, the respondents placed a strong emphasis on clear regulations and policies governing of AI in journalism (M = 4.35). The paper concludes that AI has emer…
creator: Dr. Huma Tahir
creator: Syed Imran Ali Shah
creator: Hamza Zamir Kiani
creator: Muhammad Zeeshan Zahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Huma Tahir, Syed Imran Ali Shah, Hamza Zamir Kiani, Muhammad Zeeshan Zahid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-06
publication date: 2026-03-06
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 42
ending page: 57
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.242

A Comprehensive Review of High-Impact Educational Research (2021–2025): Trends, Insights, and Emerging Practices
type: item
description: The literature review is a critical analysis of high-impact educational research published between 2021 and 2025, which identifies the most significant trends, evidence-based practices, and emerging innovations that influence the development of modern education. Pedagogical practices in the post-COVID period have changed to emphasize the effectiveness of student engagement, fair access, and the implementation of technology-based approaches to instruction. Personalized and adaptive learning with the help of digital transformation (artificial intelligence, interactive e-books, and immersive learning environments) has resulted in a measurable student performance and engagement improvement. Problem-Based Learning, Project-Based Learning, and formative assessment remain active learning approaches that support the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in a variety of educational settings. These advances notwithstanding, there are still issues such as gaps in teacher training, a lack of resources, and professional development. The new technologies hold the promise of innovation but pose threats to data privacy, algorithmic bias, and digital equity. These challenges cannot be met without systemic support, accountable AI implementation, and a commitment on the part of institutions to inclusive and student-centred learning. This review will summarize the existing literature and outline practical recommendations to be followed by policymakers, teachers, and scholars who want to maximize the learning process and overcome the changing digital environment. References Ajid, S. N., Kusumaningtyas, D., Ratih, K., & Lava, S. (2025). Strategies for Integrating Problem-Based Learning, Teaching Modules, and Formative Assessments to Enhance Learning Outcomes and Critical Thinking Skills. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 7(2), 340–357. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijolae.v7i2.8612 Albohamood, A. H., Alqattan, M. S., & Vizcarra, C. P. (2025)…
creator: Dr. Muhammad Rafiq-uz-Zaman
creator: Yi-Huang Shih
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Muhammad Rafiq-uz-Zaman, Yi-Huang Shih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-08
publication date: 2026-03-08
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 58
ending page: 70
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.243

Green Finance Intelligence and Sustainable Capital Allocation: Artificial Intelligence Driven ESG Signal Processing and Capital Market Efficiency
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of sustainable investment markets has intensified the need for accurate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) data analysis to support effective capital allocation. However, traditional analytical approaches often struggle to interpret the growing volume of heterogeneous sustainability information, leading to information asymmetry and suboptimal investment outcomes. This study examined the role of artificial intelligence-driven ESG signal processing in enhancing green finance intelligence and improving sustainable capital allocation and capital market efficiency. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing primary data collected from 312 financial professionals working in banking, asset management, and financial technology sectors. Descriptive statistical analysis revealed strong agreement regarding the importance of AI adoption in sustainable finance, with artificial intelligence adoption recording the highest mean value (M = 4.14, SD = 0.69), followed by green finance intelligence (M = 4.09, SD = 0.68) and ESG signal processing capability (M = 4.07, SD = 0.72). Regression analysis demonstrated that artificial intelligence adoption significantly influenced green finance intelligence (β = 0.41, t = 7.86, p < 0.001), while ESG signal processing capability significantly improved sustainable capital allocation (β = 0.38, t = 6.94, p < 0.001). Additionally, green finance intelligence positively affected capital market efficiency (β = 0.35, t = 6.21, p < 0.001). The findings indicated that artificial intelligence significantly enhances ESG information processing, reduces information asymmetry, and supports data-driven sustainable investment strategies. The study concluded that AI-driven ESG analytics play a crucial role in strengthening sustainable finance ecosystems and improving the efficiency of capital allocation within modern financial markets. References Akash, V., & Kumari, R. (2025). The role of artificial intelligence in prom…
creator: Dr. Syed Shameel Ahmed Quadri
creator: Dr. Mehreen Ansari
creator: Zonaira Akbar
creator: Fahim Ullah Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Syed Shameel Ahmed Quadri, Dr. Mehreen Ansari, Zonaira Akbar, Fahim Ullah Khan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-11
publication date: 2026-03-11
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 71
ending page: 87
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.246

Public Trust in State Institutions: A Comparative Analysis of the Military, Judiciary, and Parliament in Post-2023 Election Pakistan
type: item
description: The foundation of democratic stability, institutional legitimacy, and effectiveness of the governance is public trust. In transitional democracies like Pakistan trust on the state institutions is often defined by political turbulence, judicial activism, civil-military relations as well as electoral contestation. The 2023 general elections became the most significant turning point in the history of political direction in Pakistan, which fueled the discussion of the stylistic legitimacy of the institution and trust between citizens. The paper explores the relative trust of the Pakistani population in three major pillars of the Pakistani state the military, judiciary and parliament and determines the socio-political conditions that impact the legitimacy of institutions in the post-election context. The study is based on a cross-sectional quantitative design through the analysis of the survey data of 714 respondents using stratified random sampling of the major urban districts. There was the use of statistical methods such as descriptive analysis, correlation matrices, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression model to examine predictors of institutional trust. The results indicate that there is a strong trust asymmetry with the military receiving the greatest trust rating followed by the judiciary and the parliament correspondingly having lower trust ratings. The outcome of regression indicates that the perceived institutional performance, political polarization, media exposure, and corruption perception are relevant predictors of trust changes. Notably, the paper determines civic efficacy and democratic commitment as moderator factors that can alleviate distrust of representative institutions. The theoretical contribution to research is the synthesis of the Institutional Trust Theory and the Performance Legitimacy Frameworks, which shows that citizens are becoming more perceptive in the outcomes-based criterion instead of constitutional mandates alone when assessing inst…
creator: Madiha Bashir
creator: Sami Ullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Madiha Bashir, Sami Ullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-14
publication date: 2026-03-14
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 88
ending page: 100
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.248

The Role of Maternal-Fetal Attachment and Psychological Well-being in Infant Neurodevelopment
type: item
description: This study examines the relationship between maternal psychological distress during the perinatal period, maternal-fetal attachment, and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants. The historical reverence for motherhood in Azerbaijan faces contemporary challenges as limited awareness leaves expectant mothers vulnerable to psychological hardships during the perinatal period. The intrauterine environment is influenced not only by maternal nutrition but also by maternal emotional states, with implications for fetal neurodevelopment. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 276 mothers of children diagnosed with various neurodevelopmental conditions, including Cerebral Palsy, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down Syndrome, and Developmental Delay. Participants completed retrospective assessments of prenatal psychological distress, maternal-fetal attachment behaviours, and provided demographic and clinical information. Results of the 276 participants, 140 (50.7%) reported significant psychological distress during gestation. A statistically significant association was identified between prenatal distress and child's diagnostic category (χ² = 14.27, df = 5, p = .014). Mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder reported the highest rates of prenatal distress (68.4%). Significant inverse relationships were observed between prenatal distress and maternal-fetal attachment behaviours, including emotional closeness to the fetus (r = -.42, p < .001). Findings demonstrate a significant correlation between maternal psychological distress during pregnancy and subsequent neurodevelopmental challenges in offspring. The results underscore the need for perinatal mental health screening and culturally appropriate intervention programs in Azerbaijan. References Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Lawrence Erlbaum. Asif, M. (2021). Contingent effect of conflict man…
creator: Sayali Khanim Hajisoy Vidadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sayali Khanim Hajisoy Vidadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 101
ending page: 120
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.250

The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Employees' Job Performance: Mediating Mechanism of Organizational Commitment, Attitude and Job Satisfaction
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the influence of intellectual capital on job performance within the education sector in Lahore, Pakistan, with a specific focus on the mediating roles of organizational commitment, attitude, and job satisfaction. While extensive research has explored the direct relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance in corporate and industrial settings, limited attention has been given to the mediating mechanisms that explain this relationship within the education sector, particularly in developing countries such as Pakistan. Prior studies have often overlooked the simultaneous mediating effects of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and attitude in the intellectual capital–job performance nexus. This study addresses this gap by offering a comprehensive framework that examines these underexplored mediating pathways within the context of higher education institutions in Lahore. A quantitative research design was employed using a cross-sectional approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire comprising 29 items from 420 academic staff members across various business institutes in Lahore. A purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the respondents. The collected data were analysed using ADANCO software to test the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that out of ten hypotheses, nine were supported, demonstrating significant relationships, while one hypothesis yielded insignificant results. Specifically, intellectual capital was found to have a positive impact on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and attitude. Furthermore, the relationship between intellectual capital and job performance was significantly mediated by job satisfaction, attitude, and organizational commitment. This study offers valuable insights for the education sector by enhancing the understanding of the key components of intellectual capital and their effective implementation in improving job performance. T…
creator: Dr. Saeeda Mirza
creator: Dr. Sadia Butt
creator: Dr. Qurat ul Ain Ahmed
creator: Dr. Mehreen Riaz
creator: Dr. Alia Manzoor
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Saeeda Mirza, Dr. Sadia Butt , Dr. Qurat ul Ain Ahmed, Dr. Mehreen Riaz , Dr. Alia Manzoor https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 121
ending page: 142
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.251

A Bibliometric Analysis of Organizational Ambidexterity: Trends, Themes, and Intellectual Structure
type: item
description: The paper examines the dynamics of organizational ambidexterity through a bibliometrics trend over a period of more than five decades (1974 to 2025). Based on a sample of 3,678 academic publications published in 963 journals, the study will analyse the development of publications, the contribution of various countries, institutional affiliation, and citation styles to reveal the changing intellectual framework in the discipline. At a rate of 11.06 per annum with the co-authorship ratio on the international level rising to 32.38, the results reveal the growth of the ambidexterity research as well as its globalization. Using bibliometric mapping and citation analysis, the study addresses three core research questions: (1) how has global scientific production on ambidexterity evolved over time? (2) Which countries, institutions, and journals have contributed most significantly to advancing the field? (3) What are the intellectual and citation patterns that shape the theoretical and practical discourse on ambidexterity? Findings indicate that USA and China lead in terms of publication volume whereas other countries such as Switzerland and the Netherlands have a disproportionate impact in terms of citation. Besides, the university of Alicante and university of science and technology of China become the most dominating affiliations with knowledge-based systems and journal of business research being the most powerful publication outlets. The research study has a contribution to the literature by bridging a gap in the research on mapping the global trend of ambidexterity research in a systematic manner and establishing the emerging trends. Combining the aspects of productivity, collaboration, and citation impact, it brings to the fore the interaction between the already-existing foundations and the streams of inquiry that are emerging. The results are important to the scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to learn not just the direction that the ambidexterity research h…
creator: Hina Shoukat
creator: Dr. Farida Faisal
creator: Dr. Sidra Akhtar
creator: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Hanif
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Hina Shoukat, Dr. Farida Faisal, Dr. Sidra Akhtar, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Hanif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 143
ending page: 165
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.252

AI and IoT integration in Green HRM: A Framework for Eco-Friendly Talent Management and Optimization
type: item
description: This study examined the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) within Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) to develop a comprehensive framework for eco-friendly talent management and organizational optimization. The research adopted a qualitative and conceptual approach, systematically synthesizing recent literature to explore how AI-driven analytics and IoT-enabled systems enhance sustainable HR practices. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key dimensions, including green recruitment, digital training, performance management, employee engagement, and environmental monitoring. The findings indicated that AI significantly improves HR efficiency through automation, predictive analytics, and data-driven decision-making, enabling paperless recruitment, personalized e-learning, and objective performance evaluation. Concurrently, IoT facilitates real-time monitoring of workplace environments, energy consumption, and resource utilization, enhancing transparency and accountability. The integration of these technologies, termed AIoT, creates a synergistic effect that significantly enhances green recruitment, intelligent training, sustainable performance management, and employee engagement. This synergy enables organizations to optimize resource allocation, promote pro-environmental behaviour among employees, and achieve long-term environmental and operational goals. However, the study identified critical barriers to effective adoption, including technological complexity, data privacy concerns, high implementation costs, skill gaps, and organizational resistance. The study proposed a structured conceptual framework integrating AI and IoT into GHRM practices, offering practical insights for organizations and policymakers. It concluded that AI-IoT-driven GHRM represents a transformative approach to achieving sustainability and efficiency in modern organizations, contributing to the existing literature by bridging the gap between t…
creator: Rehan Ali Khan
creator: Ali Abbas
creator: Noor Saba
creator: Muhammad Irfan Syed
creator: Adeel Ansari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rehan Ali Khan, Ali Abbas, Noor Saba, Muhammad Irfan Syed, Adeel Ansari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 166
ending page: 182
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.255

Relationship Between Mindfulness, Emotional Wellbeing and Academic Performance Among University Students
type: item
description: Mindfulness and emotional wellbeing have been independently associated with positive student outcomes; however, empirical evidence regarding their combined influence on academic performance remains limited, particularly within developing educational contexts. This study investigated the relationships between mindfulness, emotional wellbeing, and academic performance among university students in Pakistan, addressing a critical gap in the existing literature. A correlational quantitative research design was employed, with a sample of 150 undergraduate students drawn from The Islamia University of Bahawalpur and Government Sadiq College for Women University Bahawalpur using stratified random sampling to ensure representation across academic programs and years of study. Data were collected using three standardized instruments: the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) to assess mindfulness, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) to measure emotional wellbeing, and self-reported cumulative GPA as an indicator of academic performance. Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 26, incorporating descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and mediation analysis with bootstrapping to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings revealed significant positive correlations between mindfulness and emotional wellbeing (r = 0.62, p < 0.001), mindfulness and academic performance (r = 0.54, p < 0.001), and emotional wellbeing and academic performance (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that mindfulness and emotional wellbeing jointly predicted academic performance, accounting for 42% of the variance in GPA. Furthermore, mediation analysis confirmed that emotional wellbeing partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and academic performance, indicating that mindfulness influences academic outcomes both directly and indirectly through enhanced emotional health. These findings underscore the critical ro…
creator: Sidra Farooq
creator: Nosheen Malik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sidra Farooq, Nosheen Malik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 183
ending page: 198
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.258

Human Trafficking, Organized Crime, and the Evolution of International Criminal Justice Systems
type: item
description: Human trafficking had emerged as a significant form of transnational organized crime, posing serious challenges to international criminal justice systems and global human rights frameworks. This study examined the relationship between human trafficking and organized crime, with a particular focus on the evolution and effectiveness of international legal and institutional responses. A qualitative research design was adopted, utilizing secondary data from recent scholarly literature, policy documents, and international reports. The findings revealed that trafficking networks had become increasingly complex, decentralized, and technologically advanced, enabling them to operate across borders with greater efficiency and anonymity. Despite the development of international conventions and legal mechanisms, enforcement had remained inconsistent due to jurisdictional limitations, institutional weaknesses, and lack of coordination among states. Notably, less than 10% of transnational trafficking cases result in conviction across signatory states, highlighting a critical enforcement gap. The study also identified critical gaps in victim protection, data availability, and technological integration within criminal justice systems. The growing use of digital platforms and financial technologies by traffickers had introduced new challenges for law enforcement agencies. The study concluded that existing responses were insufficient to address the evolving nature of trafficking and emphasized the need for integrated, technology-driven, and victim-centred approaches. Due to reliance on secondary data, causal claims are limited. It recommended strengthening international cooperation, enhancing institutional capacity, and addressing socio-economic vulnerabilities to effectively combat human trafficking. The research contributed to the broader understanding of transnational crime and provided practical implications for policymakers and practitioners. References Anguita-Olmedo, C. (2025)…
creator: Waseem Saif
creator: Nasir Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Waseem Saif, Nasir Khan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 199
ending page: 212
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.259

From Web2 to Web3: Strategic Transformation of Digital Marketing Using Blockchain Technology
type: item
description: This study aimed to examine the role of blockchain technology in transforming digital marketing within the emerging Web3 environment, with a specific focus on its impact on consumer trust and marketing efficiency. The research primarily investigated the relationship between blockchain technology as the independent variable and digital marketing transformation as the dependent variable, while also considering consumer trust and marketing efficiency as key outcome variables. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected from 250 respondents, including digital platform users and marketing professionals, using a structured questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale. Statistical analyses, including reliability, correlation, and regression, were conducted to test the proposed hypotheses and evaluate the relationships among variables. The findings revealed that blockchain technology had a significant positive impact on digital marketing transformation (β = 0.68, p < 0.001) and consumer trust (β = 0.72, p < 0.001). Digital marketing transformation significantly influenced marketing efficiency (β = 0.70, p < 0.001). The results also indicated that consumer trust played a mediating role in enhancing marketing efficiency, highlighting the importance of transparency and data security in digital environments. The study provides practical implications for organizations by emphasizing the adoption of blockchain-based marketing systems to improve transparency, reduce operational inefficiencies, and strengthen consumer trust. It also highlights the strategic importance of decentralized platforms in shaping the future of digital marketing. References Basal, M., & Şarkbay, Ö. F. (2026). Web3-driven digital marketing and consumer protection. Frontiers in Blockchain. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbloc.2026.1726047 Beck, R., Müller-Bloch, C., & King, J. L. (2018). Governance in the blockchain economy. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 19(10), 1020–10…
creator: Fuwad Yunus
creator: Sanya Shahid
creator: Abdul Sattar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Fuwad Yunus, Sanya Shahid, Abdul Sattar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 213
ending page: 225
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.260

The Effects of Facebook Gaming on User Engagement, Attention, and Digital Communication Behaviour
type: item
description: This study examined the effects of Facebook Gaming on user engagement, attention, and digital communication behaviour. A quantitative design was adopted, and data were collected from 300 active Facebook Gaming users using a structured questionnaire. Analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, regression (controlling for age and gender), and Sobel mediation analysis. Facebook Gaming significantly increased user engagement (M = 3.95, t(299) = 22.87, p < 0.001), with usage time as the strongest predictor (β = 0.52, p < 0.001, Adjusted R² = 0.41). The platform negatively affected attention (M = 3.10, β = -0.39, p < 0.001), with younger users (18–25 years) reporting lower attention spans than older users (46+ years), F(3, 296) = 4.92, p = 0.002. Digital communication behaviour was positively influenced (M = 3.85, β = 0.44, p < 0.001), indicating a shift toward rapid, informal communication, particularly among younger users, F(3, 296) = 5.34, p = 0.001. Correlation analysis revealed that user engagement was positively associated with digital communication behaviour (r = 0.578, p < 0.01) and negatively associated with attention (r = -0.422, p < 0.01). Daily usage time was positively correlated with engagement (r = 0.512, p < 0.01) and communication (r = 0.443, p < 0.01) but negatively correlated with attention (r = -0.389, p < 0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that attention partially mediated the relationship between engagement and communication behaviour (indirect effect = 0.152, z = 4.90, p < 0.001), accounting for 25.5% of the total effect. The results highlight that while Facebook Gaming enhances interaction and social connectivity, it also reduces attention span and alters communication practices, with younger users being more susceptible. The study provides implications for platform developers, content creators, and researchers to optimize user experience while addressing cognitive and behavioural challenges. References Ben Fredj, S., Ou…
creator: Waqar Ahmad
creator: Ali Hassan
creator: Muhammad Usman Aslam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Waqar Ahmad, Ali Hassan, Muhammad Usman Aslam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 226
ending page: 241
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.261

Overdependence on AI Supported Learning and Critical Thinking: Investigating Opportunities and Risks in Modern Education at Higher Educational Level
type: item
description: This research examines how AI-based learning resources can help learners develop a critical thinking skill in the context of higher education, both as an opportunity and a potential danger of overreliance. This research is aimed at evaluating the role of AI based learning on critical thinking skills in students concerning the proportions of potential disadvantages and the positive effects of AI tools. The participants were separated into two groups, including those who used AI-supported learning tools and those who did not. The sample of the study was extracted using multistage sampling approach in which 150 students were randomly selected at first stage. At second stage these participants were divided in to two groups (75 in each group) using convenient sampling technique to identify students using AI too and student who did not use. The data were collected using a specially developed critical thinking test in multiple choice as well as performance-based formats, based on Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA). Descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests were applied in order to compare the critical thinking scores of the two groups and determine the relationship between exploring AI tools and cognitive performance. These results showed that AI-tool users have improved critical thinking scores by a significant margin, 51.5 (SD = 6.3) to 68.0 (SD = 5.0) (t = 8.72, p < 0.05), and the control group did not significantly improve in critical thinking scores. Nevertheless, risks of being over dependent on AI tools were also noted in the study as it was observed that students had to engage into frequent use of AI tools which led to cognitive offloading where students had to rely less on free-thinking to solve their independent problems. The correlation test (r = 0.56, p < 0.05) indicated that the excessive use of AI tools could result in a lack of critical thinking and the use of superficial method of learning. This explains why it is necess…
creator: Muhammad Faisal Ishaque
creator: Amana Ishaaq
creator: Maleeha Nazim
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Faisal Ishaque, Amana Ishaaq, Maleeha Nazim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 242
ending page: 255
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.263

AI-Driven Film Production: A Study of Innovation and Industry Transformation
type: item
description: Technological advancement has continually transformed the film industry, and artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the major forces of innovation. AI technologies are actively being integrated into different stages of film production, shaping the creative process, efficiency of the operations, and decision-making. The purpose of this study is to explore the application of AI in the film production process, focusing on its awareness, usage, perceived influence, challenges, and prospects in the film production industry. The research design was a quantitative study design with the use of a structured questionnaire that was given to 300 respondents consisting of film professionals, media experts, students, and researchers. The analysis of data was conducted through statistical methods like frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation to evaluate responses. The results indicate that the awareness and moderate use of AI technologies in film production are high. One of the most highlighted fields of the use of AI is technical, video editing, and visual effects, which greatly enhance productivity and change the way things are done. Although AI, too, is seen to decrease the expenses and improve creativity, it is still scarce in the creative fields of operation. Some of the major challenges have been identified as high implementation costs, ethical issues, and lack of expertise, and fears of job displacement. Regardless of these difficulties, participants were very optimistic about the future of AI by noting the significance of training and skill development. AI is transforming the film industry by improving efficiency and creating possibilities. Nonetheless, its successful implementation is also subject to overcoming financial, ethical, and technical issues. The key to sustainable transformation in the industry is the balanced approach that unites the abilities of AI with human creativity, as well as investing in training and policymaking. References Azeve…
creator: Zikriya Habib
creator: Khola Malik
creator: Hamayoun Masood Qureshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Zikriya Habib, Khola Malik, Hamayoun Masood Qureshi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 256
ending page: 266
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.264

Becoming a Ph.D. Scholar: A Study of Doctoral Students’ Experiences and Challenges
type: item
description: Doctorate is a highly esteemed academic degree. PhD education is crucial in today's knowledge driven economy because it help to create new knowledge and skills for the benefit of the economy and for the intellectual society as a whole. Although obtaining a doctorate is a challenging path. The demands are high and the journey can be challenging both mentally and physically. PhD students frequently encounter number of challenges and unexpected barriers and difficulties in the developing nation like Pakistan during their PhD studies, which make it difficult for students to finish their PhD programs on time. Therefore, the current study sought to investigate how scholars perceived their PhD studies and also brought attention to the difficulties that the scholars encountered when working on their coursework and research. Data collected from PhD students of public and private universities of Karachi by using qualitative research method approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews. Prominent themes are emerged through the application of thematic analysis that includes 1) PhD as a pathway to social and financial Status, 2) Academic experiences includes a) Supervision experiences b) Challenges in research process c) Learning Avenues d) Key Challenges in Publication e) Coursework experiences and requirements 3) Personal adversities includes a) Programme Cost: Highly expensive programme b) Health associated Issues c) Balancing job expectations and academic demands. The research results indicate issues students faced at PhD program that need to be resolved so they can concentrate on their studies instead of dealing with these inconveniences. References Abid, S., & Khan, M. (2017). Career decision making process in adolescence: Theoretical perspective. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22(6), 45–46. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2206104546 Akbulut, H., Şahin, C., & Çepni, S. (2013). Determination of faced problems in doctorate thesis process: Educa…
creator: Ruby Naureen
creator: Razia Fakir Mohammad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ruby Naureen, Razia Fakir Mohammad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 267
ending page: 280
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.265

Environmental Wellbeing at Work: The Evolving Role of Human Resource Management in Sustainable Workspaces and Employee Mental Health
type: item
description: This study examined environmental wellbeing at work and its influence on employee mental health through sustainable human resource management (HRM) practices. The research adopted a quantitative design to analyse the relationships among green HRM practices, environmental wellbeing, workplace sustainability, and employee mental health. Data was collected from a sample of 300 employees working in public and private sector organizations. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression techniques to evaluate the proposed relationships. The findings indicated strong positive perceptions of green HRM (Mean = 3.92, SD = 0.71), environmental wellbeing (Mean = 3.88, SD = 0.69), and employee mental health (Mean = 3.90, SD = 0.68). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between green HRM and mental health (r = 0.70), and between environmental wellbeing and job satisfaction (r = 0.76). Regression results showed that green HRM (β = 0.59, p < 0.001), environmental wellbeing (β = 0.56, p < 0.001), and workplace sustainability (β = 0.51, p < 0.001) significantly predicted employee mental health, explaining 66% of the variance (R² = 0.66). Mediation analysis confirmed that environmental wellbeing partially mediated the relationship between green HRM and mental health (indirect effect = 0.37, p < 0.001). The study concluded that sustainable HRM practices and environmentally supportive workplaces significantly enhanced employee psychological wellbeing and organizational outcomes. The findings highlighted the importance of integrating environmental sustainability into HR strategies to promote healthier and more productive work environments. References Ababneh, O. M. A. (2021). Green HRM and employee green behaviors. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 64(7), 1204–1226. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2020.1814708 Ahmed, S., Shah, S. Z. A., & Ali, M. (2022). Environmental management practices and employee wellbeing. Journ…
creator: Feng Yiwen
creator: Muhammad Asim Faheem
creator: Muhammad Irfan Syed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Feng Yiwen, Muhammad Asim Faheem, Muhammad Irfan Syed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 281
ending page: 294
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.266

From Classroom to Startup: The Role of Personality Traits, Entrepreneurship Education, and Financial Access in Shaping Entrepreneurial Behaviour among Pakistani Youth
type: item
description: Entrepreneurial behaviour among youth plays a crucial role in economic development, innovation, and employment creation in developing economies such as Pakistan. This study examined the impact of personality traits, entrepreneurship education, and financial access on entrepreneurial behaviour among Pakistani youth. A quantitative research design was applied, and data were collected from a sample of 350 university students from public and private institutions. Standardized questionnaires were used to measure personality traits, exposure to entrepreneurship education, perceived financial access, and entrepreneurial behaviour. Statistical techniques including correlation and regression analysis were applied to evaluate relationships among variables. The results indicated that personality traits significantly influenced entrepreneurial behaviour (β = 0.31), entrepreneurship education showed the strongest positive effect (β = 0.39), and financial access also contributed significantly (β = 0.28). The model explained 68% of the variance in entrepreneurial behaviour (R² = 0.68), confirming strong predictive power. The findings highlighted that entrepreneurship development depends on both psychological and structural factors, where education plays a central role in shaping entrepreneurial readiness. The study concluded that strengthening entrepreneurship education, improving financial inclusion, and supporting personality development can significantly enhance youth entrepreneurial outcomes in Pakistan. These findings provide important implications for policymakers, educators, and financial institutions aiming to promote startup culture among students. References Amofah, K., & Saladrigues, R. (2022). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(36). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00197-5 Anjum, T., Zaheer, M. A., Díaz Tautiva, J. A., & Heidler, P. (2024). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions.…
creator: Wajahat Ali
creator: Muhammad Zakir
creator: Aisha Jahangir
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Wajahat Ali, Aisha Jahangir, Muhammad Zakir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 295
ending page: 307
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.267

Hybrid Warfare, State Responsibility, and Interstate Conflict in South Asia: Evidence from India–Pakistan Relations
type: item
description: The contemporary security environment in South Asia is increasingly shaped by non-conventional forms of conflict, including hybrid warfare, proxy engagement, and information operations. While existing scholarship on terrorism and regional instability has predominantly focused on non-state actors, comparatively limited attention has been paid to the role of states as indirect sponsors of violence and destabilisation. This article examines the dynamics of state sponsorship and hybrid warfare in South Asia through the lens of India–Pakistan relations, with particular reference to the contested region of Jammu and Kashmir and Pakistan’s internal security challenges. Drawing on a qualitative research design, the study employs document analysis, policy review, and triangulated secondary sources, including international reports, legal documents, and media investigations, to analyse patterns of alleged proxy conflict, information warfare, and coercive state practices. The article situates these dynamics within realist and state-sponsorship frameworks to assess how indirect strategies are employed to pursue strategic objectives while maintaining plausible deniability. Rather than treating official claims as established facts, the study analyses competing narratives, evidentiary patterns, and international responses to evaluate their implications for regional stability and international norms. The findings suggest that hybrid warfare has become a central feature of interstate rivalry in South Asia, complicating conflict management, legal accountability, and peace-building efforts. By shifting the analytical focus from non-state militancy to state behaviour, this study contributes to broader debates on hybrid conflict, state responsibility, and security governance in nuclearised regions. References Ahmed, A. S. (2021). Information warfare and South Asian strategic competition. Journal of Contemporary International Affairs, 3(1), 45–67. Ahmed, Z. S. (2017). SAARC and the challe…
creator: Abida Kausar
creator: Muhammad Iqbal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Abida Kausar, Muhammad Iqbal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 308
ending page: 316
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.268

The Role of Sustainability Efforts in Enhancing Workforce Well-Being and Organizational Success
type: item
description: This study explores how organizational sustainability efforts enhance workforce well-being and drive organizational success. As sustainability becomes a strategic focus, the research investigates employee perceptions of sustainability initiatives, their impact on well-being, and how well-being supports organizational achievement. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, collecting primary data from 350 employees across public, private, and non-profit sectors. Using a structured questionnaire and a five-point Likert scale, the study measured sustainability efforts, workforce well-being, organizational success, and the perceived links among these factors. Descriptive statistics and reliability analyses were applied to identify trends and ensure measurement consistency. Results reveal that employees generally view sustainability efforts favorably, particularly regarding ethical practices, leadership commitment, and strategic alignment. These programs positively affect workforce well-being, boosting morale, motivation, pride, and workplace culture. The findings show a strong connection between workforce well-being and organizational success, underscoring the importance of well-being in translating sustainability initiatives into improved performance, stakeholder trust, and long-term success. Respondents also recognized a high degree of interrelatedness among sustainability, employee experience, and organizational outcomes. The analysis highlights the value of a people-centered sustainability approach, integrating environmental and social strategies to support employee well-being. These insights offer practical guidance for leaders and HR professionals seeking to leverage sustainability for employee welfare and organizational prosperity. The study contributes empirical evidence to the literature, demonstrating that internal sustainability efforts can strategically foster sustainable organizational performance by focusing on employee perceptions and the links between susta…
creator: Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-29
publication date: 2026-03-29
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 317
ending page: 333
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.269

Impact of Innovation and Project Control on Sustainable Project Success: Examining the Mediating Role of Project Governance in Pakistan’s Software Development Sector
type: item
description: In modern project setting especially in the software development industry, organizations are progressively relying on innovation as well as on formal Project Control processes as a means of attaining sustainable project success. Whereas innovation facilitates flexibility, technological progress, and innovative problem solving, Project Control mechanisms uphold discipline, accountability and focus on project goals. Nevertheless, it is essential to strike the balance between these two dimensions, which is a serious issue of project managers. Project governance, in this situation, is turning out to be a key factor in the combination of innovative practices with the formal System of the Project Control to provide viability of the project in the long run. This research proposes the effects of innovation and Project Control on sustainable project success as a mediating variable through project governance. The study concentrates on software development firms that are based in Pakistan. The quantitative research design was adopted, and primary data were gathered using a structured questionnaire on the basis of a five-point Likert scale. Project managers, team members and stakeholders gave 300 valid responses. The data were analysed through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in STATA 18. The results demonstrate that the positive influence of innovation and Project Control is significant in terms of sustainable project success. Moreover, innovation, control, and sustainable project success are closely connected and mediated by project governance. The findings indicate that the likelihood of successful outcomes of projects- sustainability is greater in those organizations that successfully align innovation abilities and established governance and Project Control systems. The research will add value to the existing literature on project management due to the empirical evidence presented in the work within the context of the developing economy and practical guidance to the proj…
creator: Adil Ali
creator: Shahid Iqbal
creator: Ehtasham Ul Haq
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Adil Ali, Shahid Iqbal, Ehtasham Ul Haq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 334
ending page: 348
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.270

Green Supply Chain Management and Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation and Institutional Pressures
type: item
description: Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has emerged as a strategic approach for improving environmental, economic, and social performance in organizations. This study examined the impact of GSCM on sustainable performance with the mediating roles of innovation and institutional pressures. A quantitative research design was applied using a cross-sectional survey approach. Data were collected from employees working in manufacturing and supply chain-related firms in Pakistan, particularly in textile, logistics, pharmaceutical, and food processing sectors. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, and 312 valid responses were analysed. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using Smart PLS was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results indicated that GSCM significantly influenced sustainable performance (β = 0.31, p < 0.001). Innovation showed a significant mediating effect between GSCM and sustainable performance (β = 0.21, p < 0.001), while institutional pressures also demonstrated a significant mediating role (β = 0.18, p < 0.001). Additionally, innovation positively influenced sustainable performance (β = 0.36, p < 0.001), and institutional pressures significantly enhanced sustainable performance (β = 0.33, p < 0.001). The findings confirmed that sustainable performance improved when GSCM practices were supported by innovation capabilities and institutional compliance mechanisms. The study contributes to resource-based and institutional theories by explaining how internal and external factors jointly enhance sustainability outcomes. Practical implications suggest that organizations should integrate green innovation and respond effectively to institutional pressures to achieve long-term sustainability advantages. Abbas, J. (2024). Green supply chain management and firm sustainable performance: Unlocking the role of leadership styles in sustainable operations. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05035-0 Alhmeidiye…
creator: Zujaj Ahmed
creator: Adeel Akhtar
creator: Akbar Ali Rabbani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Zujaj Ahmed, Adeel Akhtar, Akbar Ali Rabbani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 349
ending page: 363
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.271

Bridging the Jurisdictional Gap: The Underutilization of the Federal Investigation Agency in Pakistan's Maritime Domain Under Joint Maritime Information Organisation Act, 2019
type: item
description: The paper will discuss the limited legal role that the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) in Pakistan is granted by the Joint Maritime Information Organisation Act, 2019. Although the FIA has a broad jurisdiction covering counter-terrorism, anti-money laundering, human trafficking, and transnational organized crime cases, the JMIO Act, 2019 only covers the agency to issues of immigration. This study examines the mismatch between the real legal capability of the FIA and its limited role at the Joint Maritime Information Coordination Centre (JMICC). By conducting comparative analysis of National Command Authority Act, 2010, and the National Counter Terrorism Authority Act, 2013, this paper reveals that there are critical areas in maritime security in Pakistan. The results indicate that an ideal exploitation of the FIA legal requirement would greatly improve the ability of Pakistan to combat maritime crimes such as terrorism financing, money laundering and cyber-facilitated crimes in the Pakistani waters. Some of the recommendations are changes in legislation to increase the role of FIA as a part of the JMIO framework and improving the mechanisms of inter-agency coordination to counter transnational maritime threats, especially those to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. References Ali, S. I. (2018). The Federal Investigation Agency Act, 1974: Together with selected laws contained in the schedule along with commentaries. Rahber Publisher. Anti-Money Laundering Act, 2010, Act No. VII of 2010 (Pakistan). Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997, Act No. XXVII of 1997 (Pakistan). Bhatti, B. A. (2021, January 14). Joint Maritime Information Coordination Center: A milestone toward Maritime Domain Awareness in Pakistan. Maritime Study Forum. https://www.maritimestudyforum.org/joint-maritime-information-coordination-center-a-milestone-toward-maritime-domain-awareness-in-pakistan/ Bueger, C., McCabe, R., & Edmunds, T. (2020). Capacity building for maritime security: The Western Indian Ocea…
creator: Ijaz Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ijaz Ahmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 364
ending page: 372
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.272

Innovating with AI: How Innovative Attitude, Peer Influence, and Task-Technology Fit Shape AI Appropriation in Project Management
type: item
description: The rapid diffusion of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools is reshaping project management practices, yet significant variation remains in how professionals creatively appropriate these technologies. This study investigates the drivers of AI appropriation in project management by integrating Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST) with Task–Technology Fit (TTF) theory. The research examines how innovation attitude, peer influence, and task–technology fit influence AI-enabled creative behaviour, while also assessing the moderating role of organizational culture. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 234 project management professionals working in Pakistan’s information technology and logistics sectors. Data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that task–technology fit is the strongest predictor of creative AI appropriation, followed by innovation attitude and peer influence. Furthermore, organizational culture significantly strengthens the relationships between these antecedents and creative behaviour, highlighting its role as a contextual amplifier of AI-enabled innovation. The model explains 71.5% of the variance in creative behaviour, demonstrating substantial explanatory power. The study contributes to the literature by extending AST to generative AI contexts, empirically integrating AST and TTF in a unified framework, and providing evidence from an emerging economy with collectivist cultural characteristics. Practically, the findings suggest that organizations seeking to leverage AI for innovative project outcomes should prioritize task-aligned AI tools, cultivate innovation-oriented mindsets among professionals, and develop supportive organizational cultures that encourage experimentation and collaborative learning. References Alam, I., Waheed, K. Z., & Rehman, M. S. (2024). The impact of cultural diversity on workforce efficiency in private banking sector of Pakistan. …
creator: Adil Naseer
creator: Shahid Iqbal
creator: Ehtasham Ul Haq
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Adil Naseer, Shahid Iqbal, Ehtasham Ul Haq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 373
ending page: 389
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.273

The Digital Trap: How Short Political Videos on TikTok and Reels Lock Pakistani Youth into One-Sided Thinking
type: item
description: This study investigates how algorithm-driven short-form video platforms (e.g., TikTok, Instagram Reels) shape political perceptions and contribute to affective political polarization among Pakistani youth. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 390 young adults (aged 18–30) in Lahore, Pakistan, selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire measuring platform usage, exposure to algorithmically curated political content, and affective polarization. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests of independence, and binary logistic regression were employed for analysis. Results indicate that 64.1% of respondents spend over three hours daily on short-form video platforms. A majority (57.2%) agreed that algorithms repeatedly show similar political viewpoints, leading to the perception of ideological echo chambers (46.9% rarely see opposing views). Logistic regression revealed that daily consumption of political short-form videos significantly predicts affective political polarization (B = 1.43, p < .001), with heavy users being over four times more likely to report heightened emotional attachment to political groups. The study confirms the existence of a "digital trap" where algorithmic personalization reinforces existing beliefs, limits exposure to diverse perspectives, and intensifies affective polarization. These findings have critical implications for media literacy interventions, platform governance, and democratic discourse in Pakistan. References Ahmed, S., & Asif, M. (2026). Comparative analysis of attitudes toward climate change policies across urban and rural populations. Pakistan Journal of Social Science Review, 5(1), 747–769. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18457821 Ahmed, S., & Asif, M. (2026). Public opinion on the effectiveness of local government anti-corruption measures: A multi-city survey analysis. International Journal of Social Sciences Bulletin, 4(1), 1189–1201. https://doi.org/10.528…
creator: Fatima Shahid
creator: Laraib Amir
creator: Ali Bhadur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Fatima Shahid, Laraib Amir, Ali Bhadur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 390
ending page: 405
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.274

Psychological Distress and Suicidal Ideation among Emerging Adults of University of Gujrat
type: item
description: Emerging adulthood represents a developmental window of heightened susceptibility to psychological distress and suicidal ideation. The present cross-sectional study examined the differential predictive utility of depression, anxiety, and stress in relation to suicidal ideation among 274 emerging adults (aged 18–25 years) enrolled at the University of Gujrat, Pakistan. Participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R). Bivariate analyses revealed significant positive correlations between all three distress dimensions and suicidal ideation, with depression demonstrating the strongest association (r = .462, p < .01). However, multiple regression analysis identified depression as the sole significant unique predictor of suicidal ideation (β = [insert β], p < .001), with anxiety and stress failing to contribute independent predictive variance when depression was controlled. Additionally, individuals classified in the high suicidal ideation risk group (SBQ-R ≥ 7) exhibited significantly greater levels of depression, anxiety, and stress relative to the low-risk group. These findings highlight the primacy of depressive symptomatology in understanding and predicting suicidal ideation among Pakistani university students. Implications for campus-based mental health screening and targeted intervention are discussed. References American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 Attia, M., Ibrahim, F. A., Elsady, M. A., Khorkhash, M. K., Rizk, M. A., Shah, J., & Amer, S. A. (2022). Cognitive, emotional, physical, and behavioral stress-related symptoms and coping strategies among university students during the third wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 933981. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.933981 Bentley, K. H., Franklin, J. C., Ribeiro, J. D., Kleiman, E. M.…
creator: Noreena Kausar
creator: Samia
creator: Areej Arshad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Noreena Kausar, Samia, Areej Arshad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-20
publication date: 2026-04-20
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 406
ending page: 416
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.275

Underdiagnosed and Overlooked: A Community-Based Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Prevalence and Screening Outcomes Among 4–11-Year-Old Children in Gujrat, Pakistan
type: item
description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with increasing global prevalence estimates. However, community-based epidemiological data from low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan, remain critically scarce, contributing to widespread underdiagnosis and delayed intervention. This study aimed to estimate the screening prevalence of ASD traits among children aged 4–11 years in Gujrat, Pakistan, and to examine potential gender-based differences in screening outcomes. A quantitative cross-sectional research design was employed. A sample of 1,000 children (491 boys, 509 girls) aged 4–11 years was recruited from public mainstream schools, private mainstream schools, and special education centers in Gujrat using a stratified convenience sampling approach. Screening for autistic traits was conducted using the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST), a validated 37-item parent-report instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests of independence. Based on the established CAST cutoff score (≥15), 11.0% (n = 110) of the total sample screened positive for clinically significant autistic traits. Gender-wise analysis revealed that 10.2% of boys (n = 50) and 11.8% of girls (n = 60) fell within the at-risk range. A chi-square test indicated no statistically significant association between gender and screening outcome, χ²(1, N = 1,000) = 0.647, p = .421. A significant association was observed between institution type and screening outcome, with special education centers demonstrating a higher proportion of positive screens (17.4%) compared to mainstream schools (p = .033). The findings reveal a substantial proportion of children in Gujrat exhibit elevated autistic traits warranting comprehensive diagnostic assessment. The absence of significant gender disparity underscores the importance of universal screening irrespective of sex. These results highlight an urgent need for scalable community-based screening programs an…
creator: Saima Riaz
creator: Khadija Saeed
creator: Sahira Dilawaiz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Saima Riaz, Khadija Saeed, Sahira Dilawaiz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 417
ending page: 426
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.277

Green Finance as a Catalyst for Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Effects of Green Innovation and Green Capabilities and the Moderating role of stakeholder pressure
type: item
description: This study examined the role of green finance in enhancing sustainable performance, with a focus on the mediating effects of green innovation and green capabilities and the moderating role of stakeholder pressure. The study adopted a quantitative research design and collected data from 320 respondents working in manufacturing and service sector firms in Pakistan. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test the proposed relationships. The findings indicated that green finance exerted a significant positive effect on sustainable performance (β = 0.42, p < 0.001). Green innovation (β = 0.31, p < 0.001) and green capabilities (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) also showed significant positive effects on sustainable performance. Mediation analysis revealed that green innovation (β = 0.19, p < 0.001) and green capabilities (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) partially mediated the relationship between green finance and sustainable performance. Stakeholder pressure significantly moderated this relationship (β = 0.27, p < 0.01), strengthening the positive impact of green finance under higher levels of external pressure. The results emphasized that financial investment in environmental initiatives contributed more effectively to sustainability outcomes when supported by innovation, organizational capabilities, and stakeholder engagement. The study provided theoretical and practical implications for enhancing sustainability strategies in organizations. References Ahmed, Z., Zhang, B., & Cary, M. (2023). Linking green finance and sustainable development: Evidence from emerging economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30, 45678–45690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-25678-9 Anwar, S. U., Xu, J., Yuan, P. Z., Su, K., Rehman, S. U., & Hameed, M. (2024). Green entrepreneurial orientation and environmental performance. Scientific Reports, 14, 30266. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81885-y Bal, E., & Karibek, M. (2026). Green finance and sustainability performance: The modera…
creator: Mamoona Akram
creator: Saeed Ahmed
creator: Najia Batool
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mamoona Akram, Saeed Ahmed, Najia Batool https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-04-21
publication date: 2026-04-21
volume: 5
number: 2
starting page: 427
ending page: 439
doi: 10.63544/ijss.v5i2.278