Academic Burnout and Suicidal Ideation among Young Scholars: A Cross-Sectional Study

Authors

  • Sadaf University of Karachi, Karachi.
  • Dr. Qudsia Tariq University of Karachi, Karachi.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v4i2.129

Keywords:

Academic Burnout, Suicidal Ideation, School Students, Emotional Exhaustion, Adolescents

Abstract

Academic burnout has been increasingly recognized as a widespread issue among students globally, particularly in the context of rising academic demands, competition, and more recently, the impacts of online learning during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent studies have documented alarming prevalence rates across different student populations and educational contexts. The recent studies also show how suicidal tendencies are increasing in students (Mortier et al., 2018). The current cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of academic burnout and its association with suicidal ideation among school students of Pakistan. The data was collected from students of different government and private schools of Karachi, Pakistan. For data collection Modified Scale for Suicide Ideation (MSSI) and the School Burnout Inventory (SBI) was used as standardized instruments. Further descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis through SPSS 25. Based on the finding it can be said that emotional exhaustion and cynicism emerged as the most influential factors associated with suicidal ideation. Moreover, findings also reveal the significant correlation between suicidal thoughts and academic burnout among students of Pakistan. In conclusion the study emphasizing the urgent need to tackle academic burnout as an important element affecting adolescent mental health and leading towards suicidal thoughts, which signify it, that is a public health issue that needs immediate attention such as early interventions and accessible mental health resources to support students' psychological well-being.

References 

Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression. Psychological Review, 96(2), 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.358

Ahmed, Z., Zeb, A., & Raja, U. (2018). Academic stress, burnout, and the mediating role of psychological resilience among university students in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 33(2), 423–441. https://doi.org/10.33824/PJPR.2018.33.2.23

Baumeister, R. F. (1990). Suicide as escape from self. Psychological Review, 97(1), 90–113. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.97.1.90

Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. Guilford Press.

Borrelli, C., Berchialla, P., Charrier, L., Lemma, P., & Borraccino, A. (2022). Academic stress and its impact on mental health among adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(3), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.10.012

Caballero, C., Ochoa, P., & Vergara, J. (2021). Academic burnout and its impact on mental health among high school students. Education for Health, 9(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.29011/2689-107X.100095

Caballero, C., Sánchez, P., & Fernández, A. (2021). Academic burnout and mental health in adolescents: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescence, 45(3), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.03.001

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499

Fiorilli, C., Galimberti, L., De Stasio, S., Di Chiacchio, C., & Albanese, O. (2017). Burnout in school settings: A meta-analytic review on schoolteachers. Educational Psychology Review, 29(4), 669–699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-017-9400-3

Holt, M. K., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Polanin, J. R., Holland, K. M., DeGue, S., & Matjasko, J. L. (2015). Bullying and suicidal ideation and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 135(2), e496–e509. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1864

Iqbal, S., Bano, S., & Yousaf, A. (2015). Academic stress and burnout: A study of university students in Pakistan. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 25(1), 47–64. https://doi.org/10.54607/jbs.25.1.2015.04

Joiner, T. (2005). Why people die by suicide. Harvard University Press.

Kessler, R. C., Borges, G., & Walters, E. E. (1999). Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56(7), 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.56.7.617

Khan, M. J., Altaf, S., & Kausar, H. (2013). Effect of perceived academic stress on students’ performance. FWU Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2), 146–151. https://doi.org/10.51709/FWU.JSS.7.2.13

Kim, J., Lee, M., & Choi, J. (2020). The relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(4), 987–996. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01748-2

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.

Lee, S., Kwak, Y., & Kim, H. (2020). Cynicism as a mediator between academic burnout and suicidal ideation: Evidence from South Korean adolescents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51(4), 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-00973-0

Liu, X., & Xie, Y. (2022). Academic burnout and its association with mental health in high school students. Psychology in the Schools, 59(2), 257–273. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.2266

Mann, J. J., & Rizk, M. M. (2020). A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 177(10), 902–916. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20020234

Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397

Miller, W., Norman, W. H., Bishop, S. B., & Dow, M. G. (1986). The modified scale for suicide ideation: Reliability and validity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54, 724–725. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.54.5.724

Mortier, P., Auerbach, R. P., Alonso, J., Bantjes, J., Benjet, C., Cuijpers, P., … & Bruffaerts, R. (2018). Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among first-year college students: Results from the WMH-ICS project. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 57(4), 263–273.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2018.01.018

Salmela-Aro, K., & Read, S. (2017). Study engagement and burnout profiles among Finnish higher education students. Burnout Research, 7, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.11.001

Salmela-Aro, K., & Tynkkynen, L. (2012). Gendered pathways in school burnout among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 929–939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.01.001

Seibert, G. S., Bauer, D. J., & Howard, K. A. (2023). Academic self-concept and student burnout: A longitudinal examination. Journal of Educational Psychology, 115(2), 223–237. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000771

Steinberg, L. (2017). Adolescence (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Turecki, G., & Brent, D. A. (2016). Suicide and suicidal behaviour. The Lancet, 387(10024), 1227–1239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00234-2

Walburg, V. (2014). Burnout among high school students: A literature review. Children and Youth Services Review, 42, 28–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.03.007

Williams, J. M. G., & Pollock, L. R. (2001). Psychological aspects of suicide. In K. Hawton & K. van Heeringen (Eds.), The international handbook of suicide and attempted suicide (pp. 79–93). Wiley.

World Health Organization. (2019). Suicide in adolescentshttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide

Zhou, H., Wang, J., & Zhang, T. (2023). The impact of school burnout on adolescent mental health: A longitudinal study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 52(3), 412–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01735-w

Zubair, A., & Kamal, A. (2021). Academic burnout and its relationship with perceived stress among university students. Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.29052/PJCP.v20i1.01

Author Biographies

Sadaf, University of Karachi, Karachi.

PhD Scholar,

Department of Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi.

Email: sadafriazahmed@gmail.com

Dr. Qudsia Tariq, University of Karachi, Karachi.

Professor,

Department of Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi.

Email: qudsiatariq@yahoo.com

Downloads

Published

04-06-2025

How to Cite

Sadaf, & Tariq, D. Q. (2025). Academic Burnout and Suicidal Ideation among Young Scholars: A Cross-Sectional Study. Inverge Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.63544/ijss.v4i2.129

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.